The theory of Functionalism emerged in the 1920s and then declined after World War II because of cultural changes caused by the war. As the essential clue to the understanding of human behavior, primitive and civilized, he analyzes the functional principle that culture is an examination of the fundamentals of anthropology for the purpose of constructing a general system to explain the facts of culture by this principle. E-mail Citation » A book of essays by former students and colleagues of Malinowski evaluating his contributions to functionalist theory, fieldwork methods, religion, and … Polish born Bronislaw Malinowski is credited as one of the world’s greatest anthropologists, renowned for marrying the living realities of human life with the cold calculations of science. The function is the key idea throughout his work from his initial insightful research on an Australian native family to his final theoretical statement in a scientific theory of culture. The first essay stipulates that anthropology can be viewed in a scientific manner, and offers insights into culture, human nature, and the ideal object of study. Malinowski presents in this book his definitive statement of the theory of functionalism. This vintage text contains three essays by Bronislaw Malinowski on the theory of functionalism. For Malinowski, culture was a complex set of practices whose underlying purpose was to serve the needs of individuals. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. He suggested that for every basic human need there is a cultural response and that every aspect of a culture is either a direct or indirect response to a basic need. Malinowski’s attempt to formulate theory on the basis of limited data places him in extreme contrast with his older contemporary Franz Boas, as does his almost exclusive preoccupation with a theory of culture. Malinowski in the study of culture acted as an originator of a functionalist approach. Malinowski did an immense amount of research during his anthropological career, and his ideas, observations, and analyses have greatly influenced the discipline of anthropology. The book was published posthumously in 1944 and represents both a reevaluation and summing up of Malinowski's functional theory of culture. The Functionalists examined how a particular cultural phase is interrelated with other aspects of the culture and how it affects the whole system of the society; in other words, cause and effect. Man and culture: An evaluation of the work of Bronisław Malinowski. Malinowski’s Theory of Culture Malinowski formed part of the British functionalist school in anthropology. Malinowski originated the school of social anthropology known as functionalism. In contrast to Radcliffe-Brown's structural functionalism, Malinowski argued that culture functioned to meet the needs of individuals rather than society as a whole. The Theory of Needs follows Malinowski’s functional approach where he argues that ‘culture exists to meet the universal biological, psychological and social needs of an individual’..
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